Genomic studies have revealed the presence of Ser/Thr kinases and phosphatases in many
bacterial species, although their physiological roles have largely been unclear. Here we …

During growth and propagation, a bacterial cell enlarges and subsequently divides its
peptidoglycan (PG) sacculus, a continuous mesh‐like layer that encases the cell membrane …

Vancomycin has been used as the last resort in the clinical treatment of serious
Staphylococcus aureus infections. Vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) was …

Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs), particularly phosphorylation, dramatically
expand the complexity of cellular regulatory networks. Although cysteine (Cys) in various …

The development of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, particularly in methicillin-
resistant S. aureus (MRSA), has become a significant health concern worldwide. The …

Exotoxins, including the hemolysins known as the alpha (α) and beta (β) toxins, play an
important role in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus infections. A random …

Calprotectin (CP) is a transition metal-chelating antimicrobial protein of the calcium-binding
S100 family that is produced and released by neutrophils. It inhibits the growth of various …

Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen responsible for bovine mastitis, the most
common and costly disease affecting dairy cattle. S. aureus naturally releases extracellular …

The assembly of the bacterial cell wall requires synchronization of a multitude of biosynthetic
machineries and regulatory networks. The eukaryotic-like serine/threonine kinase PknB has …

Organisms from all domains of life are infected by viruses. In eukaryotes, serine/threonine
kinases play a central role in antiviral response. Bacteria, however, are not commonly …