Mud volcanism, or sedimentary volcanism, represents one of the most intriguing phenomena
of the Earth's crust, with important implications in energy resource exploration, seismicity …

Over the last 30 years, geochemical research has demonstrated that abiotic methane (CH4),
formed by chemical reactions which do not directly involve organic matter, occurs on Earth in …

Methane has been proposed as an exoplanet biosignature. Imminent observations with the
James Webb Space Telescope may enable methane detections on potentially habitable …

Variable levels of methane in the martian atmosphere have eluded explanation partly
because the measurements are not repeatable in time or location. We report in situ …

Scheduled to land in August of 2012, the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Mission was
initiated to explore the habitability of Mars. This includes both modern environments as well …

Thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) is a set of redox reactions between organic matter
and sulfates at temperatures> 120° C, and occurs in varied environments including deeply …

We describe the history and features of the Ladder of Life Detection, a tool intended to guide
the design of investigations to detect microbial life within the practical constraints of robotic …

A committee of the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG) has reviewed and
updated the description of Special Regions on Mars as places where terrestrial organisms …

Obtaining carbon isotopic information for organic carbon from Martian sediments has long
been a goal of planetary science, as it has the potential to elucidate the origin of such …

The aqueous alteration of ultramafic rocks through serpentinization liberates mantle carbon
and reducing power. Serpentinization occurs in numerous settings on present day Earth …