The postsynaptic fibers of the pterygopalatine or sphenopalatine ganglion (PPG or SPG)
supply the lacrimal and nasal glands. The PPG appears to play an important role in various …

Background Sphenopalatine ganglion is the largest collection of neurons in the calvarium
outside of the brain. Over the past century, it has been a target for interventional treatment of …

The sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) is a parasympathetic ganglion, located in the
pterygopalatine fossa. The SPG block has been used for a long time for treating headaches …

Introduction: The International Neuromodulation Society (INS) has determined that there is a
need to provide an expert consensus that defines the appropriate use of neuromodulation …

Accurate knowledge of greater palatine foramen (GPF) anatomy is necessary when
performing a variety of anaesthesiological, dental or surgical procedures. The first aim of this …

Cerebral collaterals are vascular redundancies in the cerebral circulation that can partially
maintain blood flow to ischemic tissue when primary conduits are blocked. After occlusion of …

Introduction: The International Neuromodulation Society (INS) has identified a need for
evaluation and analysis of the practice of neurostimulation of the brain and extracranial …

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anatomical variability of the palatine structures in Greek
population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 71 Greek adult dry human skulls were examined to …

Objective Investigation of the computerized dimensional anatomic location of the greater
palatine foramen (GPF) and lesser palatine foramens (LPF) is important indicating site to …

We have performed a detailed morphometric analysis of the length and anatomic routes of
the greater palatine canal (GPC) and a systematic review of the literature on the anatomy of …