Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a sub-viral agent that is dependent for its life cycle on hepatitis
B virus (HBV). The help it obtains from HBV is limited to the sharing of envelope proteins …

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a small single‐straded RNA satellite of hepatitis B virus.
Although it is a human pathogen, it shares a number of features with a subset of the small …

RNA-dependent RNA replication is a special process reserved exclusively for RNA viruses
but not cellular RNAs. Almost all RNA viruses (except retroviruses) undergo RNA-dependent …

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) contains a viroid-like circular RNA that is presumed to replicate
via a rolling circle replication mechanism mediated by cellular RNA polymerases. However …

Cellular DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II (pol II) has been postulated to carry out RNA-
dependent RNA replication and transcription of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) RNA, generating …

Viroids are non‐translatable, autonomously replicating circular RNAs that infect only plants.
An important component of the viroid infection process is cell‐to‐cell movement; however …

Abstract Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) that infects liver parenchymal cells is responsible for severe
liver diseases and co-infection with Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) leads to the most aggressive …

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a pathogenic human virus whose RNA genome and replication
cycle resemble those of plant viroids. However, viroid genomes contain no open reading …

Human hepatitis delta virus has a single-stranded circular RNA genome that replicates by
RNA-directed RNA synthesis. The virus encodes only a single protein, the delta antigen …

The rolling circle replication of small circular plant pathogenic RNAs requires a processing
step to convert multimeric intermediates to monomers which are then circularized. Eleven …