This article highlights a new way in which descriptive representation enhances democracy
through inclusive party building. We theorize that parties retain and promote incumbents …

The party politics literature suggests that an institutionalized party system can be key for well-
functioning democracies. Do the benefits of strong parties also extend to women's …

Women are not a demographic minority, but they certainly are a minority in politics. Most
legislative bodies across the world are still overwhelmingly male. Female candidates cite …

To what extent does candidate skin color influence party list placement in proportional
representation systems? While candidate skin color is increasingly understood to play an …

Does the election of politicians from historically underrepresented groups spur others to
enter politics? Some political scientists and policymakers posit that the election of women …

Do female candidates give up running for office after losing more readily than their male
counter-parts? I address this question by employing a regression discontinuity between last …

This paper presents a descriptive and comparative analysis of the statutes of Brazilian and
Portuguese political parties regarding women's political participation. The main objective …

In many Western and Asian countries, women's empowerment has increased significantly,
yet women are still underrepresented in political participation and political decision-making …

This paper highlights a new way in which descriptive representation enhances democracy,
via inclusive party-building. We theorize that parties promote incumbents on a gendered …

The design of election ballots can influence voters' behavior. Features of the ballot are
particularly important if they systematically harm the electoral chances of some groups. In …