The members of the Tear Film Subcommittee reviewed the role of the tear film in dry eye
disease (DED). The Subcommittee reviewed biophysical and biochemical aspects of tears …

Abstract The TFOS DEWS II Pathophysiology Subcommittee reviewed the mechanisms
involved in the initiation and perpetuation of dry eye disease. Its central mechanism is …

In the field of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine, researchers are keen to
identify novel and reliable ways to predict and diagnose disease, as well as to monitor …

Dry eye disease is a multifactorial disorder of the tears and ocular surface characterized by
symptoms of dryness and irritation. Although the pathogenesis of dry eye disease is not fully …

The precorneal tear film is a complex mixture of proteins, lipids, metabolites, and electrolytes
with different structures and functionalities. Sustainable production of each tear component …

Dry eye is a common ocular surface inflammatory disease that significantly affects quality of
life. Dysfunction of the lacrimal function unit (LFU) alters tear composition and breaks ocular …

Prolonged and continuous daily use of digital screens, or visual display terminals (VDTs),
has become the norm in occupational, educational, and recreational settings. An increased …

Purpose The accurate diagnosis and classification of dry eye disease (DED) is challenging
owing to wide variations in symptoms and lack of a single reliable clinical assessment. In …

Dry eye disease (DED) is a growing public health concern affecting quality of life and visual
function, with a significant socio-economic impact. It is characterised by the loss of …

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to review the evidence for the hypothesis that the core
mechanism of dry eye disease (DED) is inflammation, including evidence from recent basic …