The discovery of materials has often introduced new physical paradigms and enabled the
development of novel devices. Two-dimensional magnetism, which is associated with strong …

The Kitaev model is an exactly solvable S= 1/2 spin model on a 2D honeycomb lattice, in
which the spins fractionalize into Majorana fermions and form a topological quantum spin …

BACKGROUND Years ago, Lev Landau taught us how to think about distinct phases of
matter through an order parameter that characterizes the symmetry-broken state relative to …

The quantum Hall effect in two-dimensional electron gases involves the flow of topologically
protected dissipationless charge currents along the edges of a sample. Integer or fractional …

The Kitaev quantum spin liquid (KQSL) is an exotic emergent state of matter exhibiting
Majorana fermion and gauge flux excitations. The magnetic insulator α-RuCl3 is thought to …

Spin liquids are collective phases of quantum matter that have eluded discovery in
correlated magnetic materials for over half a century. Theoretical models of these enigmatic …

Half-integer thermal quantum Hall conductance has recently been reported for the two-
dimensional honeycomb material α-RuCl3. We found that the half-integer thermal Hall …

The exactly solvable Kitaev model on the honeycomb lattice has recently received
enormous attention linked to the hope of achieving novel spin-liquid states with …

Quantum spin liquids have fascinated condensed matter physicists for decades because of
their unusual properties such as spin fractionalization and long-range entanglement. Unlike …

A Majorana fermion is a fermionic particle that is its own antiparticle. Since the theoretical
discovery by Ettore Majorana in 1937, the exotic particle has long been searched in particle …