Lung macrophages have mostly been studied considering only their most accessible and
well-defined representative, the alveolar macrophage (AM). In contrast, the identity and …

Lung macrophages link innate and adaptive immune responses during allergic airway
inflammatory responses. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) and interstitial macrophages are two …

IPF is characterized by fibroblast accumulation, collagen deposition, and ECM remodeling,
with myofibroblasts believed to be the effector cell type. Myofibroblasts develop due to EMT …

Influenza viruses and rhinoviruses are responsible for a large number of acute respiratory
viral infections in human populations and are detected as copathogens within hosts. Clinical …

The biological and chemical natures of materials adsorbed onto fine particulate matter (PM2.
5) vary by origin and passage routes. The exacerbating effects of the two samples—urban …

Respiratory virus infection is one of the major sources of exacerbation of chronic airway
inflammatory diseases. These exacerbations are associated with high morbidity and even …

Oxidative stress is a common feature of obstructive airway diseases like asthma and chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lung macrophages are key innate immune cells …

Rhinovirus C (RV-C) infection is associated with severe asthma exacerbations. Since type 2
inflammation is an important disease mechanism in asthma, we hypothesized that RV-C …

Introduction: Macrophages play a central role in balancing the immune response by
switching phenotypes between the M1 and M2 profiles according to a delicate equilibrium …

Viral respiratory infections trigger severe exacerbations of asthma, worsen disease
symptoms, and impair lung function. To investigate the mechanisms underlying viral …