The role of peripheral physiology in the experience of emotion has been debated since the
19th century following the seminal proposal by William James that somatic responses to …

The physiological stress response is responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis in the
presence of real or perceived challenges. In this function, the brain activates adaptive …

Major depressive disorder is a common, complex, and potentially life-threatening mental
disorder that imposes a severe social and economic burden worldwide. Over the years …

Questions of how altered functioning of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis
contribute to the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) …

In response to stress, the brain activates several neuropeptide-secreting systems. This
eventually leads to the release of adrenal corticosteroid hormones, which subsequently feed …

The impact of stress on brain function is increasingly recognized. Various substances are
released in response to stress and can influence distinct neuronal circuits, but the functional …

Adverse early life events can induce long-lasting changes in physiology and behavior. We
found that early-life stress (ELS) in mice caused enduring hypersecretion of corticosterone …

Dysregulation of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)–urocortin (UCN) system has been
implicated in stress-related psychopathologies such as depression and anxiety. It has been …

The stress hormone–regulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been
implicated in the causality as well as the treatment of depression. To investigate a possible …

We draw on the theory of allostasis to develop an integrative model of the current stress
process that highlights the brain as a dynamically adapting interface between the changing …