This review examines the current understanding of the global coastal ocean carbon cycle
and provides a new quantitative synthesis of air-sea CO2 exchange. This reanalysis yields …

Abstract Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth
System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge of the effects of …

Intensive agriculture and densely populated areas represent major sources of nutrient
pollution for European inland and coastal waters, altering the aquatic ecosystems and …

Climate change has multiple effects on Baltic Sea species, communities and ecosystem
functioning through changes in physical and biogeochemical environmental characteristics …

Recently performed scenario simulations for the Baltic Sea including marine
biogeochemistry were analyzed and compared with earlier published projections. The Baltic …

We modelled and assessed the past, present and predicted future eutrophication status of
the Baltic Sea. The assessment covers a 350-year period from 1850 to 2200 and is based …

Location, specific topography, and hydrographic setting together with climate change and
strong anthropogenic pressure are the main factors shaping the biogeochemical functioning …

Coastal seas worldwide suffer from increasing human impact. One of the most severe
environmental threats is excessive nutrient pollution from land, which causes oxygen …

This model study investigates summer hydrographic changes in response to climate
projections following the CMIP5 RCP8. 5 scenario. We use the high resolution regional …

Following earlier regional assessment studies, such as the Assessment of Climate Change
for the Baltic Sea Basin and the North Sea Region Climate Change Assessment, knowledge …