Key message A generalized performance equation is proposed to fit the Lorenz curve of the
leaf size distribution of an individual plant and is validated using 12 individual bamboo …

Measuring the inequality of leaf area distribution per plant (ILAD) can provide a useful tool
for quantifying the influences of intra-and interspecific competition, foraging behavior of …

Developing a geometric formulation of any biological object has a number of justifications
and applications. Recently, we developed a universal geometric figure for describing a bird's …

Although many fruit geometries resemble a solid of revolution, this assumption has rarely
been rigorously examined. To test this assumption, 574 fruits of Canarium album (Lour.) DC …

In nature, the fruit shapes of many plants resemble avian eggs, a form extensively studied as
solids of revolution. Despite this, the hypothesis that egg-shaped fruits are themselves solids …

“Diminishing returns” in leaf economics occurs when increases in lamina mass (M), which
can either be represented by lamina dry mass (DM) or fresh mass (FM), fail to produce …

Foliage leaves are essential for plant survival and growth, and how plants allocate biomass
to their leaves reveals their economic and ecological strategies. Prior studies have shown …

Many geometries of plant organs can be described by the Gielis equation, a polar
coordinate equation extended from the superellipse equation, r= a| cos m 4 φ| n 2+| 1 k sin …

Egg geometry can be described using Preston's equation, which has seldom been used to
calculate egg volume (V) and surface area (S) to explore S versus V scaling relationships …

There is a lack of research on whether tree size affects lamina and petiole biomass
allocation patterns, whereas the trade‐off between leaf biomass allocated to the lamina and …