Our ability to detect, image, and quantify nanoscopic objects and molecules with visible light
has undergone dramatic improvements over the past few decades. While fluorescence has …

Fluorescence microscopy has been the workhorse for investigating optical phenomena at
the nanometer scale but this approach confronts several fundamental limits. As a result …

Abstract Characterization of the size and material properties of particles in liquid
suspensions is in very high demand, for example, in the analysis of colloidal samples or of …

Osmosis is a universal phenomenon occurring in a broad variety of processes and fields. It
is the archetype of entropic forces, both trivial in its fundamental expression–the van't Hoff …

The origin of life is a fascinating, unresolved problem whose deciphering would have
important scientific, epistemological and social implications. Over time, philosophers and …

Optical tweezers have emerged as a powerful tool for the non-invasive trapping and
manipulation of colloidal particles and biological cells,. However, the diffraction limit …

Techniques that can dexterously manipulate single particles, cells, and organisms are
invaluable for many applications in biology, chemistry, engineering, and physics. Here, we …

We experimentally demonstrate the optical trapping of a single bovine serum albumin (BSA)
molecule that has a hydrodynamic radius of 3.4 nm, using a double-nanohole in an Au film …

Nanoparticles have been widely implemented for healthcare and nanoscience industrial
applications. Thus, efficient and effective nanoparticle separation methods are essential for …

Many of the biological functions of a cell are dictated by the intricate motion of proteins within
its membrane over a spatial range of nanometres to tens of micrometres and time intervals of …