Purinergic signalling is involved in a number of physiological and pathophysiological
activities in the lower urinary tract. In the bladder of laboratory animals there is …

Following hints in the early literature about adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) injections
producing pain, an ion-channel nucleotide receptor was cloned in 1995, P2X3 subtype …

Interstitial cystitis (IC) is an idiopathic hypersensory condition of the bladder associated with
increased urinary ATP and increased stretch-activated ATP release by bladder urothelial …

CONTEXT: The focus of clinical understanding and management of male storage lower
urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) has shifted from the prostate to the bladder. This is mirrored …

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a small molecule that is released to the urine from bladder
urothelial cells and the bladder mucosal band of the human body. In certain cases, ATP can …

Background Nowadays, there is a considerable bulk of evidence showing that ATP has a
prominent role in the regulation of human urinary bladder function and in the …

The epithelial inner layer of the lower urinary tract, ie, the urothelium, and other parts of the
mucosa are not just a passive barrier but play an active role in the sensing of stretching …

Antimuscarinic drugs affect bladder sensory symptoms such as urgency and frequency,
presumably by acting on muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) located in bladder …

The past half century has witnessed tremendous advances in our understanding of
extracellular purinergic signaling pathways. Purinergic neurotransmission, in particular, has …

Introduction: This article sets out to be a review regarding agents that affect contraction and
relaxation of the ureter in order to establish a basis for current and future treatments for …