DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) can arise from multiple sources, including exposure to
ionizing radiation. The repair of DSBs involves both posttranslational modification of …

Phosphorylation of the Ser-139 residue of the histone variant H2AX, forming γH2AX, is an
early cellular response to the induction of DNA double-strand breaks. Detection of this …

Genomic instability can initiate cancer, augment progression, and influence the overall
prognosis of the affected patient. Genomic instability arises from many different pathways …

Macromolecular assemblies that regulate chromatin structure using the energy of ATP
hydrolysis have critical roles in development, cancer, and stem cell biology. The ATPases of …

Histone H2AX phosphorylation on a serine four residues from the carboxyl terminus
(producing γH2AX) is a sensitive marker for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). DSBs may …

Following the discovery in 1998 of γ-H2AX, the first histone modification induced by DNA
damage, interest in the changes to chromatin induced by DNA damage has exploded, and a …

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are extremely dangerous lesions with severe
consequences for cell survival and the maintenance of genomic stability. In higher …

Genome integrity is constantly monitored by sophisticated cellular networks, collectively
termed the DNA damage response (DDR). A common feature of DDR proteins is their …

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) not only interrupt the genetic information, but also disrupt
the chromatin structure, and both impairments require repair mechanisms to ensure genome …

Structural changes to DNA severely affect its functions, such as replication and transcription,
and play a major role in age-related diseases and cancer. A complicated and entangled …