The study of plant mitochondria started in earnest around 1950 with the first isolations of
mitochondria from animal and plant tissues. The first 35 years were spent establishing the …

In the natural environment, plants are exposed to a variety of biotic and abiotic stress
conditions that trigger rapid changes in the production and scavenging of reactive oxygen …

Mitochondria produce ATP via respiratory oxidation of organic acids and transfer of
electrons to O2 via the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This process produces …

With the advent of human civilization and anthropogenic activities in the shade of
urbanization and global climate change, plants are exposed to a complex set of abiotic …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent signaling pathways from chloroplasts and
mitochondria merge at the nuclear protein RADICAL-INDUCED CELL DEATH1 (RCD1) …

The alternative pathway of mitochondrial electron transport, which terminates in the
alternative oxidase (AOX), uncouples oxidation of substrate from mitochondrial ATP …

Heat stress severely affects plant growth and crop production. It is therefore urgent to
uncover the mechanisms underlying heat stress responses of plants and establish the …

In plant cells, mitochondria are ideally positioned to sense and balance changes in energy
metabolism in response to changing environmental conditions. Retrograde signaling from …

It is well known that intracellular signaling from chloroplast to nucleus plays a vital role in
stress responses to survive environmental perturbations. The chloroplasts were proposed as …

Retrograde signalling refers to the regulation of nuclear gene expression in response to
functional changes in organelles. In plants, the two energy-converting organelles …