Chloroplasts are best known for their role in photosynthesis, but they also allow nitrogen and
sulphur assimilation, amino acid, fatty acid, nucleotide and hormone synthesis. How …

Photosynthesis is not only essential for plants, but it also sustains life on Earth.
Phytohormones play crucial roles in developmental processes, from organ initiation to …

Certain obligate parasites induce complex and substantial phenotypic changes in their hosts
in ways that favor their transmission to other trophic levels. However, the mechanisms …

Plants are challenged with numerous abiotic stresses, such as drought, cold, heat, and salt
stress. These environmental stresses are major causes of crop failure and reduced yields …

Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are members of the Arabidopsis thaliana basic helix-
loop-helix family of transcriptional regulators that interact specifically with the active Pfr …

Plant growth is coordinately regulated by environmental and hormonal signals.
Brassinosteroid (BR) plays essential roles in growth regulation by light and temperature, but …

Plants undergo a major physiological change as they transition from vegetative growth to
reproductive development. This transition is a result of responses to various endogenous …

The global agricultural system has been badly affected by adverse environmental changes
in the past few years. These changes, including the rise of abiotic and biotic stressors …

Plant growth and development has to be continuously adjusted to the available resources.
Their optimization requires the integration of signals conveying the plant metabolic status, its …

Cold stress responses in plants are highly sophisticated events that alter the biochemical
composition of cells for protection from damage caused by low temperatures. In addition …