In recognition of the 50th anniversary of the first manned lunar landing, the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), together with the European Space Agency …

Some years ago, the consensus was that asteroid (16) Psyche was almost entirely metal.
New data on density, radar properties, and spectral signatures indicate that the asteroid is …

Although no known asteroid poses a threat to Earth for at least the next century, the
catalogue of near-Earth asteroids is incomplete for objects whose impacts would produce …

C-type asteroids are considered to be primitive small Solar System bodies enriched in water
and organics, providing clues to the origin and evolution of the Solar System and the …

The Hayabusa2 spacecraft investigated the C-type (carbonaceous) asteroid (162173)
Ryugu. The mission performed two landing operations to collect samples of surface and …

Abstract The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) is a Planetary Defense mission,
designed to demonstrate the kinetic impactor technique on (65803) Didymos I Dimorphos …

Thermal inertia and surface roughness are proxies for the physical characteristics of
planetary surfaces. Global maps of these two properties distinguish the boulder population …

Spacecraft missions have observed regolith blankets of unconsolidated subcentimetre
particles on stony asteroids,–. Telescopic data have suggested the presence of regolith …

Carbonaceous (C-type) asteroids are relics of the early Solar System that have preserved
primitive materials since their formation approximately 4.6 billion years ago. They are …

Europa likely contains an iron‐rich metal core. For it to have formed, temperatures within
Europa reached 1250 K. Going up to that temperature, accreted chondritic minerals—for …