Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), a condition that occurs due to various reasons, is an
important cause of fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. It has been defined as a rate of …

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects 10–15% of all pregnancies worldwide. IUGR
may result from maternal, placental or fetal origin. Maternal malnutrition before and during …

Preterm babies are highly susceptible to oxidative stress (OS) due to an imbalance between
the oxidant and antioxidant systems. The generation of free radicals (FR) induces oxidative …

Hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a significant impact on global
morbidity and mortality. The Low Birth Weight and Nephron Number Working Group has …

The uterus has critical biomechanical functions in pregnancy and undergoes dramatic
material growth and remodeling from implantation to parturition. The intrinsic material …

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) arises when maternal stressors coincide with peak
placental development, leading to placental insufficiency. When the expanding nutrient …

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a serious pathological complication associated with
compromised fetal development during pregnancy. The aim of the study was to broaden …

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as growth of fetus below its in-utero growth
potential. Small for gestational age (SGA) is defined as newborn with birth weight less than …

The placenta is crucial for life. It is an ephemeral but complex organ acting as the barrier
interface between maternal and fetal circulations, providing exchange of gases, nutrients …

Developmental pharmacology describes the impact of maturation on drug disposition
(pharmacokinetics, PK) and drug effects (pharmacodynamics, PD) throughout the paediatric …