Product Returns (PR) are an inevitable yet costly process in business, especially in the
online marketplace. How to deal with the conundrums has attracted a great deal of attention …

In recent years, recycling and remanufacturing functions have received increased attention
because of strict environmental concerns and regulations. The aim of this paper is to …

This study investigates the strategic effect of return policies in a dual-channel supply chain,
in which a manufacturer can sell products directly to end customers and indirectly via an …

In today's competitive supply chains, providing products which can stimulate the customer's
demand and enhance the revenues of companies is an important objective. Therefore, three …

Fierce market competition and consumers' environmental awareness prompt manufacturers
to gain competitive advantages through low-carbon production. However, many firms stay …

In online direct selling, a customer will not experience the product when making the
purchase decision. Concerns about product quality and the return policy may prevent the …

We develop a duopoly model to examine how online reviews influence the decisions of two
competing online sellers who sell products of differentiated quality under different returns …

This paper studies the competition between two closed-loop supply chains including
manufacturers, retailers and recyclers in an uncertain environment. The competition factors …

Although personal care sector within fast-moving consumer goods industry has been known
as a key contributor toward the growth of the economy, barely any study has been …

Abstract Petroleum Supply Chain is one of the most important and sophisticated managing
missions in both developing and developed countries. Nowadays, environmental pollution is …