Endodontic disease is a biofilm-mediated infection, and primary aim in the management of
endodontic disease is the elimination of bacterial biofilm from the root canal system. The …

In recent years, the physical properties and interaction forces of microbial cell surfaces have
been extensively studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). A variety of AFM force …

To investigate processes possibly underlying accumulation and ecological effects of plastic
nano-particles we have characterized their interaction with the cell wall of green algae. More …

Atomic force microscopy is an amazing technique that allies a versatile methodology (that
allows measurement of samples in liquid, vacuum or air) to imaging with unprecedented …

Polymer molecules, the main components of plastics, are an emerging pollutants in various
environmental compartments (water, air, soil) that may induce several ecotoxicological …

Silicon nitride (Si3N4) is an industrial ceramic used in spinal fusion and maxillofacial
reconstruction. Maximizing bone formation and minimizing bacterial infection are desirable …

Macrophages play a crucial rule in orchestrating immune responses against pathogens and
foreign materials. Macrophages have remarkable plasticity in response to environmental …

Although ubiquitous, the processes by which bacteria colonize surfaces remain poorly
understood. Here we report results for the influence of the wall shear stress on the early …

The word tribology originates from the Greek word tribos, which means “friction, rub,
grind,”“to wear away,” or “science of friction.” Tribology is the study of science and …

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) holds great potential for studying the nanoscale surface
structures of living cells, and to measure their interactions with abiotic surfaces, other cells …