Alcohol consumption is an integral part of daily life in many societies. The benefits
associated with the production, sale, and use of alcoholic beverages come at an enormous …

Despite the generally held view that alcohol is an unspecific pharmacological agent, recent
molecular pharmacology studies demonstrated that alcohol has only a few known primary …

The role of withdrawal‐related phenomena in the development and maintenance of alcohol
addiction remains under debate. A 'self‐medication'framework postulates that emotional …

Drug addiction is a chronically relapsing disorder characterized by loss of control over intake
and dysregulation of stress-related brain emotional systems. Since the discovery by Wylie …

Recent data indicate that alcohol dependence induces long-term neuroadaptations that
recruit a negative emotional state. This leads to excessive alcohol ingestion motivated by …

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The
spectrum of disease ranges from fatty liver to hepatic inflammation, necrosis, progressive …

Binge drinking is prevalent and has serious biomedical consequences. In children,
adolescents, and young adults, it is a prominent risk factor for later development of alcohol …

BACKGROUND: A history of alcohol dependence recruits increased voluntary alcohol intake
and sensitivity to stress. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) has been implicated in this …

Alcohol dependence is a chronically relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug-
seeking and drug-taking, loss of control in limiting intake, and the emergence of a …

Loss of control over drinking is a key deficit in alcoholism causally associated with
malfunction of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), but underlying molecular and cellular …