Tree cavities are an essential resource for cavity-dwelling mammals, birds, invertebrates
and fungi, and so are important for maintaining forest biodiversity. In North American forests …

Aim Primary cavity nesters (eg woodpeckers) act as ecosystem engineers by providing tree
cavities to several vertebrates that use them as nests or refuges. Although diverse …

Abstract Levaillant's Woodpecker Picus vaillantii is a primary cavity nester, endemic to the
forests of northern Africa, including the cedar forest in Aurès Mountains. This species, similar …

Maintaining biological diversity is an important objective at Chitwan National Park (CNP),
the most visited national park in Nepal. Given human uses and manipulations of forests both …

Large woodpeckers and hornbills need large trees to fulfil their life-history needs. Such
habitat features present essential ecological processes and services, including insect …

The study, conducted from 2005 to 2018, encompassed twelve sites in Nepal, including both
protected and non-protected areas. The primary focus of the observations was on tree …

Ludwik, Wiesław and Tomasz influenced my life-long adventure with forest birds in diverse
ways. These three scientists were of utmost importance for initiating and conducting …

Based on the latitudinal diversity gradient, one may expect species diversity to decline while
moving up from tropical low-elevations to temperate mid-elevations. Many elevational …