This paper presents an overview of recent advances in functionally graded materials
research. The key research opportunities and challenges in the development of …

This article presents an overview of the developments in stainless steels made since the
1990s. Some of the new applications that involve the use of stainless steel are also …

Abstract Stainless steel, Co-Cr and Ni-Cr alloys have played an important role in many
industrial sectors to combat environmental degradation. However, low hardness and poor …

The field of biomaterials has become a vital area, as these materials can enhance the
quality and longevity of human life. Metallic materials are often used as biomaterials to …

Austenitic stainless steels are employed in many industrial fields, due to their excellent
corrosion resistance, easy formability and weldability. However, their low hardness, poor …

Low-temperature treatments have become a valuable method for improving the surface
hardness of stainless steels, and thus their tribological properties, without impairing their …

Low-temperature thermochemical treatments are particularly suitable for use in the surface
hardening of austenitic stainless steels without impairing their corrosion resistance. In fact …

In this study the effects of low temperature plasma nitriding on the characteristics of different
austenitic stainless steels, CrNi-based (AISI 304L and AISI 316L) and CrMn-based (AISI …

Low temperature plasma nitriding was performed on CrNi-based (AISI 316L), CrMn-based
(AISI 202) and nickel-free (P558) austenitic stainless steels. For all the used steels modified …

Stainless steels grade AISI 316 was subjected to high temperature solution nitriding and low-
temperature nitriding in order to dissolve various amounts of nitrogen in the bulk (up to …