Abstract Structure and function are highly correlated in the vertebrate retina, a sensory tissue
that is organized into cell layers with microcircuits working in parallel and together to encode …

Highlights•Retinal waves drive visual circuits before the onset of visual experience.•Map
development in the midbrain, thalamus and cortex is regulated by retinal …

At early stages of development, neuronal cultures in vitro spontaneously reach a coherent
state of collective firing in a pattern of nearly periodic global bursts. Although understanding …

The activity-dependent rules that govern the wiring of GABAergic interneurons are not well
understood. Chandelier cells (ChCs) are a type of GABAergic interneuron that control …

The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus is the principal conduit for
visual information from retina to visual cortex. Viewed initially as a simple relay, recent …

Retinal circuits detect salient features of the visual world and report them to the brain
through spike trains of retinal ganglion cells. The most abundant ganglion cell type in mice …

Highlights•Synaptic activity drives the formation of specific synapses in the retina.•
Neurotransmitter induces the formation of spines in developing cortical neurons.•Axons are …

Retinal waves are bursts of correlated activity that occur prior to eye opening and provide a
critical source of activity that drives the refinement of retinofugal projections. Retinal waves …

In recent years, several investigators have successfully regenerated axons in animal spinal
cords without locomotor recovery. One explanation is that the animals were not trained to …

In the past, the spontaneous release of neurotransmitter from presynaptic terminals has
been thought of as a side effect of evoked release, with little functional significance. As our …