Effector CD8+ T cells are typically thought to be a homogenous group of cytotoxic cells that
produce interferon-(IFN) γ. However, recent findings have challenged this notion because …

Abstract Interleukin-22 (IL22) is one of the members of IL10 family. Elevated levels of this
cytokine can be seen in diseases caused by T lymphocytes, such as Psoriasis, Rheumatoid …

CD8 T cells play crucial roles in immune surveillance and defense against infections and
cancer. After encountering antigenic stimulation, naïve CD8 T cells differentiate and acquire …

Naive CD4+ T cells can differentiate into different cell subsets after receiving antigen
stimulation, which secrete corresponding characteristic cytokines and thereby exert …

CD8+ T cells can be polarized into several different subsets as defined by the cytokines they
produce and the transcription factors that govern their differentiation. Here, we identified the …

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines. Hematopoietic cells
express IL-22, and this cytokine signals through the heterodimeric IL-22 receptor expressed …

Neonates have a limited adaptive response of plasma cells, germinal center (GC) B cells,
and T follicular helper cells (TFH). As neonatal vaccination can be an important tool for AIDS …

Background Previous studies show increased morbidity in children who are HIV-exposed
but uninfected (HEU) compared to children who are HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU). We …

The widely-expressed molecule CD38 is a single-stranded type II transmembrane
glycoprotein that is mainly involved in regulating the differentiation and activation state of the …

Background The immunity of CD4+ T cell subsets against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)
is considerable due to their essential role in controlling the infection in transplant individuals …