Postcopulatory sexual selection through sperm competition may be an important
evolutionary force affecting many reproductive traits, including sperm morphometrics …

A metaheuristic is a high-level problem independent algorithmic framework that provides a
set of guidelines or strategies to develop heuristic optimization algorithms. Metaheuristic …

Few topics are as complex and controversial as human sexual orientation and gender
identity. These matters touch upon our most intimate thoughts and feelings, and help to …

Phenology, the study of stages within the life cycles of plants and animals, has served as a
proxy for weather and climate throughout human history, but has only recently become its …

Some locations have extraordinary ecological and conservation significance and
subsequently need protection to guarantee the persistence of species that depend on them …

Capital breeders accumulate nutrients prior to egg development, then use these stores to
support offspring development. In contrast, income breeders rely on local nutrients …

Simple Summary Antarctica is contaminated by anthropogenic pollution. Due to the
persistent low temperatures, the toxic impacts of pollution to the environment can be …

Many animal species exhibit seasonal changes in their physiology and behavior. Yet
despite ample evidence that humans are also responsive to seasons, the impact of seasonal …

Emperor penguins breed during the Antarctic winter and have to endure temperatures as
low as− 50◦ C and wind speeds of up to 200kmh− 1. To conserve energy, they form densely …

Detecting and predicting how populations respond to environmental variability are crucial
challenges for their conservation. Knowledge about the abundance and distribution of the …