A large population of neural stem/precursor cells (NSCs) persists in the ventricular–
subventricular zone (V-SVZ) located in the walls of the lateral brain ventricles. V-SVZ NSCs …

Background and Purpose—This scientific statement provides an overview of the evidence
on vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia. Vascular contributions to …

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis declines in aging rodents and primates. Aging humans are
thought to exhibit waning neurogenesis and exercise-induced angiogenesis, with a resulting …

Aerobic exercise improves cognitive and motor function by inducing neural changes
detected using molecular, cellular, and systems level neuroscience techniques. This review …

Animal models point towards a key role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-
like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in mediating …

The ability to discriminate among similar experiences is a crucial feature of episodic
memory. This ability has long been hypothesized to require the hippocampus, and …

Physical exercise can convey a protective effect against cognitive decline in ageing and
Alzheimer's disease. While the long-term health-promoting and protective effects of exercise …

Breast cancer patients often develop metastatic disease years after resection of the primary
tumor. The patients are asymptomatic because the disseminated cells appear to become …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly specialized brain endothelial structure of the fully
differentiated neurovascular system. In concert with pericytes, astrocytes, and microglia, the …

In adult brain, new neurons are generated throughout adulthood in the subventricular zone
and the dentate gyrus; this process is commonly known as adult neurogenesis. The …