Objectives Water immersion during labour using a birth pool to achieve relaxation and pain
relief during the first and possibly part of the second stage of labour is an increasingly …

Labor creates an intense pain experienced by women across the world. Although neuraxial
analgesia is the most effective treatment of labor pain, in many cases, it may not be …

Water immersion during labour and birth has become increasingly popular and widespread
in many countries, in particular in midwifery-led care settings. Nevertheless, there is a dearth …

Background There is insufficient high-quality evidence to either support or discourage water
birth (WB). Objectives To examine different maternal complications of WB compared to …

Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to conduct a thorough and
contemporary assessment of maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with water birth in …

Background Episiotomy, a surgical procedure that enlarges the vaginal opening during
childbirth, was common practice until the early 2000s. Other sources, including the World …

In many maternal settings, water delivery is widely available for women who do not have an
increased risk of complications during childbirth. Soaking in water during labor has been …

Background The safety of waterbirth is contested because of the lack of evidence from
randomized trials and conflicting results. This research assessed the feasibility of a …

Birthing pools are a common feature of maternity units across Europe and North America,
and in home birth practice. Despite their prevalence and popularity, these blue or white …

Background: Although there is scientific evidence regarding the use of water immersion
during labor, this evidence is primarily focused on the first stage of labor. There is limited …