The human body cannot store zinc reserves, so a deficiency can arise relatively quickly, eg,
through an improper diet. Severe zinc deficiency is rare, but mild deficiencies are common …

Superoxide, O2•−, is formed in all living organisms that come in contact with air, and,
depending upon its biological context, it may act as a signaling agent, a toxic species, or a …

The body encloses a complex antioxidant defence grid that relies on endogenous enzymatic
and nonenzymatic antioxidants. These molecules collectively act against free radicals to …

Superoxide dismutases (SODs) catalyze the de toxification of superoxide. SODs therefore
acquired great importance as O2 became prevalent following the evolution of oxygenic …

In contrast to the NADPH oxidases Nox1 and Nox2, which generate superoxide (O 2 ̇̄),
Nox4 produces hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2). We constructed chimeric proteins and mutants …

▪ Abstract Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD, SOD1 protein) is an abundant
copper-and zinc-containing protein that is present in the cytosol, nucleus, peroxisomes, and …

Biological molecules are often highly dynamic, and this flexibility can be critical for function.
The large range of sampled timescales and the fact that many of the conformers that are …

Superoxide is among the most abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the
mitochondria, and is involved in cellular signaling pathways. Superoxide and other ROS can …

Living organisms have adapted to atmospheric dioxygen by exploiting its oxidizing power
while protecting themselves against toxic side effects. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species …

Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a frontline antioxidant enzyme catalysing superoxide
breakdown and is important for most forms of eukaryotic life. The evolution of aerobic …