CC chemokines (or β-chemokines) are 28 chemotactic cytokines with an N-terminal CC
domain that play an important role in immune system cells, such as CD4+ and CD8+ …

Tumor cells can “hijack” chemokine networks to support tumor progression. In this context,
the CC chemokine ligand 5/CC chemokine receptor type 5 (CCL5/CCR5) axis is gaining …

Adipocytes are one of the primary stromal cells in many tissues, and they are considered to
play an active role in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) …

Skeletal muscle regenerates through the activation of resident stem cells. Termed satellite
cells, these normally quiescent cells are induced to proliferate by wound-derived signals …

Background Glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs) comprise macrophages of
peripheral origin and brain-intrinsic microglia, which support tumor progression. Chemokine …

Adipocytes are a type of stromal cell found in numerous different tissues that serve an active
role in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer‑associated adipocytes (CAAs) display a …

Hypoxia, ie, oxygen deficiency condition, is one of the most important factors promoting the
growth of tumors. Since its effect on the chemokine system is crucial in understanding the …

The G-protein-coupled receptor CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) functions as a co-
receptor for the entry of HIV into immune cells. CCR5 binds promiscuously to a diverse array …

Introduction Chemokines and their cognate receptors play a major role in modulating
inflammatory responses. Depending on their ligand binding, chemokine receptors can …

Tumor microenvironment consists of cancer cells and various stromal cells such as
endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells …