Bottom-up effects are major ecological forces in crop–arthropod pest–natural enemy
multitrophic interactions. Over the past two decades, bottom-up effects have been …

Background Soil organic matter (SOM) supports multiple soil ecosystem functions,
underpinned by processes such as C sequestration, N mineralization, aggregation …

Soil biodiversity (SB) is experiencing significant changes worldwide, yet its responses to
climate and land use changes remain unclear. In light of this, we combined multiple …

Abstract In the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, large knowledge gaps
persist on how to increase biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in cash crop-dominated …

Ecological research conducted over the past five decades has shown that increasing tree
species richness at forest stands can improve tree resistance to insect pest damage …

Soil invertebrate communities represent a significant fraction of global biodiversity and play
crucial roles in ecosystems. A number of human activities threaten soil communities, in …

Protists include all eukaryotes except plants, fungi and animals. They are an essential, yet
often forgotten, component of the soil microbiome. Method developments have now …

Soils harbor a substantial fraction of the world's biodiversity, contributing to many crucial
ecosystem functions. It is thus essential to identify general macroecological patterns related …

Earth is home to over 350,000 vascular plant species that differ in their traits in innumerable
ways. A key challenge is to predict how natural or anthropogenically driven changes in the …

Recent studies have revealed many potential benefits of increasing plant diversity in natural
ecosystems, as well as in agroecosystems and production forests. Plant diversity potentially …