A number of challenges to the standard Λ CDM model have been emerging during the past
few years as the accuracy of cosmological observations improves. In this review we discuss …

We review the current status of Early Dark Energy (EDE) models proposed to resolve the
“Hubble tension”, the discrepancy between “direct” measurements of the current expansion …

Here we present 1701 light curves of 1550 unique, spectroscopically confirmed Type Ia
supernovae (SNe Ia) that will be used to infer cosmological parameters as part of the …

The cosmological principle (CP)—the notion that the Universe is spatially isotropic and
homogeneous on large scales—underlies a century of progress in cosmology. It is …

The Hubble tension has now grown to a level of significance which can no longer be
ignored and calls for a solution which, despite a huge number of attempts, has so far eluded …

The Λ CDM model provides a good fit to most astronomical observations but harbors large
areas of phenomenology and ignorance. With the improvements in the precision and …

Deep space observations of the JWST have revealed that the structure and masses of very
early Universe galaxies at high redshifts (), existing at 0.3 Gyr after the Big Bang, may be as …

Abstract High-resolution James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations can test
confusion-limited Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations for a photometric bias that …

We present cosmological constraints from a gravitational lensing mass map covering 9400
deg 2 reconstructed from measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) made …

▪ The Hubble parameter, H 0, is not an univocally defined quantity: It relates redshifts to
distances in the near Universe, but it is also a key parameter of the ΛCDM standard …