Recent research on plant responses to bacterial attack has identified extracellular and
intracellular host receptors that recognize conserved pathogen-associated molecular …

Diverse gram-negative bacteria deliver effector proteins into the cells of their eukaryotic
hosts using the type III secretion system. Collectively, these type III effector proteins function …

Closely related pathogens may differ dramatically in host range, but the molecular, genetic,
and evolutionary basis for these differences remains unclear. In many Gram-negative …

Many plant pathogens subvert host immunity by injecting compositionally diverse but
functionally similar repertoires of cytoplasmic effector proteins. The bacterial pathogen …

Pathogenic microbes use effectors to enhance susceptibility in host plants. However, plants
have evolved a sophisticated immune system to detect these effectors using cognate …

Little is known about how effectors from filamentous eukaryotic plant pathogens manipulate
host defences. Recently, Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector AVR3a has been shown to …

Over the past decade, considerable advances have been made in understanding the
molecular mechanisms that underpin the arms race between plant pathogens and their …

The model plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 grows and produces
necrotic lesions in the leaves of its host, tomato. Both abilities are dependent upon the …

Pto was the first disease-resistance gene cloned from a plant that confers recognition of a
specific pathogen. The intracellular protein kinase that it encodes activates an immune …

The gene-for-gene mechanism of plant disease resistance involves direct or indirect
recognition of pathogen avirulence (Avr) proteins by plant resistance (R) proteins. Flax rust …