The shape and form of protozoan parasites are inextricably linked to their pathogenicity. The
evolutionary pressure associated with establishing and maintaining an infection and …

Calpains are a family of proteases that were scientifically recognized earlier than
proteasomes and caspases, but remain enigmatic. However, they are known to participate in …

Trypanosoma brucei is a model trypanosomatid, an important group of human, animal and
plant unicellular parasites. Understanding their complex cell architecture and life cycle is …

Leishmania species, members of the kinetoplastid parasites, cause leishmaniasis, a
neglected tropical disease, in millions of people worldwide. Leishmania has a complex life …

A defining feature of Trypanosoma brucei cell shape is the lateral attachment of the
flagellum to the cell body, mediated by the flagellum attachment zone (FAZ). The FAZ is a …

Background Trypanosoma cruzi uses several strategies to survive in different hosts. A key
step in the life-cycle of this parasite is metacyclogenesis, which involves various …

Trypanosomes have complex life cycles within which there are both proliferative and
differentiation cell divisions. The coordination of the cell cycle to achieve these different …

Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of African sleeping sickness, a devastating
disease endemic to sub-Saharan Africa with few effective treatment options. The parasite is …

Leishmania promastigote parasites have a flagellum, which protrudes from the flagellar
pocket at the cell anterior, yet, surprisingly, have homologs of many flagellum attachment …

The unicellular trypanosomatids belong to the phylum Euglenozoa and all known species
are obligate parasites. Distinct lineages infect plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates …