There were multiple prerequisites to the evolution of multicellular animal life, including the
generation of multiple cell fates (" cellular diversity") and their patterned spatial arrangement …

The ability of animals to regenerate missing parts is a dramatic and poorly understood
aspect of biology. The sources of new cells for these regenerative phenomena have been …

Biological systems involving short-range activators and long-range inhibitors can generate
complex patterns. Reaction-diffusion models postulate that differences in signaling range …

There is growing interest in the use of cnidarians (corals, sea anemones, jellyfish and
hydroids) to investigate the evolution of key aspects of animal development, such as the …

Despite their overwhelming complexity, living cells display a high degree of internal
mechanical and functional organization which can largely be attributed to the intracellular …

Wnt genes are important regulators of embryogenesis and cell differentiation in vertebrates
and insects. New data revealed by comparative genomics have now shown that members of …

Wnt genes and β-Catenin signaling are involved in axial patterning processes in vertebrate
embryogenesis in setting up the Spemann–Mangold organizer in amphibian embryos. An …

How do we make acquaintances? A simple observation from everyday experience is that
often one of our acquaintances introduces us to one of his or her acquaintances. Such a …

Stabilization of β-catenin by inhibiting the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3β has been
shown to initiate axis formation or axial patterning processes in many bilaterians. In hydra …

Hydra's almost unlimited regenerative potential is based on Wnt signaling, but so far it is
unknown how the injury stimulus is transmitted to discrete patterning fates in head and foot …