Abstract The Argus® II Retinal Prosthesis System (Second Sight Medical Products) is the
first prosthetic vision device to obtain regulatory approval in both Europe and the USA. As …

Retinal prosthesis systems have undergone significant advances in the past quarter century,
resulting in the development of several different novel surgical and engineering approaches …

A light-sensitive, externally powered microchip was surgically implanted subretinally near
the macular region of volunteers blind from hereditary retinal dystrophy. The implant …

Retinal prostheses hold the promise of restoring vision in totally blind people. However, a
decade of clinical trials highlighted quantitative limitations hampering the possibility of …

Late-stage retinal degenerative disease involving photoreceptor loss can be treated by
optogenetic therapy, cell transplantation and retinal prostheses. These approaches aim to …

Retinal prostheses hold the potential for artificial vision in blind people affected by incurable
diseases of the outer retinal layer. Available technologies provide only a small field of view …

Vision is an extraordinary sense through which we can appreciate the beauty of the world
we live in, gain invaluable knowledge and communicate with others using visual expression …

Objective. Electrical stimulation of visual cortex via a neuroprosthesis induces the perception
of dots of light ('phosphenes'), potentially allowing recognition of simple shapes even after …

Retinal dystrophies and age-related macular degeneration related to photoreceptor
degeneration can cause blindness. In blind patients, although the electrical activation of the …

Active multi-electrode arrays are used in vision prostheses, including optic nerve cuffs and
cortical and retinal implants for stimulation of neural tissue. For retinal implants, arrays with …