Amino acid availability regulates cellular physiology by modulating gene expression and
signal transduction pathways. However, although the signalling intermediates between …

Peptide dendrimers are radial or wedge-like branched macromolecules consisting of a
peptidyl branching core and/or covalently attached surface functional units. The multimeric …

The present study identifies the operation of a signal tranduction pathway in mammalian
cells that provides a checkpoint control, linking amino acid sufficiency to the control of …

Enhanced amino acid catabolism is a common response to inflammation, but the
immunologic significance of altered amino acid consumption remains unclear. The finding …

Autophagy plays a critical role in cell metabolism by degrading and recycling internal
components when challenged with limited nutrients. This fundamental and conserved …

Proteolysis, as well as protein synthesis, is a major process that contributes to the body
protein turnover. Despite the huge variety of proteases in the body, there are very few …

Amino acids are not only important precursors for the synthesis of proteins and other N-
containing compounds, but also participate in the regulation of major metabolic pathways …

The target of rapamycin (TOR) is an ancient effector of cell growth that integrates signals
from growth factors and nutrients. Two downstream effectors of mammalian TOR, the …

Autophagy, a major bulk proteolytic pathway, contributes to intracellular protein turnover,
together with protein synthesis. Both are subject to dynamic control by amino acids and …

Amino acids are essential activators of mTORC1 via a complex containing RAG GTPases,
RAGULATOR and the vacuolar ATPase. Sensing of amino acids causes translocation of …