The terrestrial ring current is an electric current flowing toroidally around the Earth, centered
at the equatorial plane and at altitudes of∼ 10,000–60,000 km. Changes in this current are …

A review of the impact of the cold-ion and cold-electron populations in the Earth's
magnetosphere is presented. The cold populations are defined by total energy less than …

A study of AMPTE CCE magnetic field data covering the frequency range 0.1–4.0 Hz using
all data obtained during the first complete local time precession of the satellite orbit major …

Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves which propagate at frequencies below the
proton gyrofrequency can undergo cyclotron resonant interactions with relativistic electrons …

Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves play an important role in magnetospheric
dynamics and their global distribution has been of great interest. This paper presents the …

An expression for the linear electromagnetic ion cyclotron convective growth rate has been
derived, considering multiple ions in the energetic anisotropic component of the plasma …

Gyroresonant wave‐particle interactions with electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves
are a potentially important loss process for relativistic electrons in the Earth's radiation belts …

Intense ultralow‐frequency waves are commonly observed on GEOS 1 and 2 spacecraft,
around FHe+, the helium gyrofrequency. These waves were identified as ion cyclotron …

The relationship between sudden impulses and enhancements or onset of Pc 1 at high‐
latitude ground stations is well established. It has been proposed that increased hot proton …

A statistical study of narrowband transverse 0.1‐to 4.0‐Hz magnetic pulsations, essentially
Pc 1–2 (0.1–5.0 Hz), occurring from L= 3.5 to L= 9,| MLAT|< 16°, and all local times, has …