When mycophenolic acid (MPA) was originally marketed for immunosuppressive therapy,
fixed doses were recommended by the manufacturer. Awareness of the potential for a more …

Abstract Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) stands as a significant development in
personalized medicine to tailor drug dosing to individual patient characteristics. MIPD moves …

In 2007, a consortium of European experts on tacrolimus (TAC) met to discuss the most
recent advances in the drug/dose optimization of TAC taking into account specific clinical …

With the increasing use of mycophenolic acid (MPA) in solid organ transplantation, the need
for more accurate drug dosing has become evident. Personalized immunosuppressive …

This review aims to provide an update of the literature on the pharmacology and toxicology
of mycophenolate in solid organ transplant recipients. Mycophenolate is now the …

BACKGROUND Tacrolimus (Tac) is a potent immunosuppressant with considerable toxicity.
Tac pharmacokinetics varies between individuals and thus complicates its use in preventing …

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for tacrolimus (Tac) is universally applied. However, the
concentration–effect relationship for Tac is poorly defined. This study investigated whether …

Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) was developed with cyclosporine as a fixed-dose
immunosuppressant. More recent data indicate a relationship between mycophenolic acid …

The immunosuppressive agent mycophenolate is used extensively in kidney transplantation,
yet dosing strategy applied varies markedly from fixed dosing (“one-dose-fits-all”), to …

Twenty years ago, target concentration intervention (TCI) was distinguished from therapeutic
drug monitoring (TDM). It was proposed that TCI would bring more clinical benefit because …