Respiratory cilia are the driving force of the mucociliary escalator, working in conjunction
with secreted airway mucus to clear inhaled debris and pathogens from the conducting …

Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells, which provide a complex and adaptive
module that ensures first-line defense against external toxics, irritants, antigens, and …

Understanding how SARS-CoV-2 spreads within the respiratory tract is important to define
the parameters controlling the severity of COVID-19. Here we examine the functional and …

Abstract SARS-CoV-2, a β-coronavirus, has rapidly spread across the world, highlighting its
high transmissibility, but the underlying morphogenesis and pathogenesis remain poorly …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the third leading cause of death worldwide,
is highly heritable. While COPD is clinically defined by applying thresholds to summary …

Metachronal waves commonly exist in natural cilia carpets. These emergent phenomena,
which originate from phase differences between neighbouring self-beating cilia, are …

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous, rare lung disease resulting
in chronic oto‐sino‐pulmonary disease in both children and adults. Many physicians …

Advances over the past 25 years have revealed much about how the structural properties of
membranes and associated proteins are linked to the thermodynamics and kinetics of …

Background The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly heterogeneous. Studies …

Mammalian sperm cells must respond to cues originating from along the female
reproductive tract and from the layers of the egg in order to complete their fertilization …