Facelift techniques can be classified according to the depth and extent of the dissection
applied. Imbrication and plication of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) …

Background: Anatomical knowledge of the zygomatic cutaneous ligament is crucial for
rejuvenation of the anteromedial midface. However, there is a lack of satisfactory …

The group of patients who are seeking facial rejuvenation is globally becoming increasingly
multicultural. 1 Ethnicity and race are both social constructs, concepts related to human …

The attenuation of retaining ligaments with aging leads to downward displacement of facial
fat compartments and is responsible for many of the stigmata that occur with aging. The …

Background Strengthening weakened ligament tissues with injectable fillers to improve their
supportive effect may achieve the aesthetic goal of face lifting. Objectives The aim of the …

Deep-plane or composite flap facelift techniques allow deep structural rejuvenation of the
face by release of retaining ligaments in the subsuperficial musculoaponeurotic system (sub …

Preservation of the facial nerve is crucial in any type of facial procedure. This is even more
important when performing plastic surgery on the face. An intricate knowledge of the course …

Background The superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) is an anatomical structure
involved in facial aging. Objectives This study focused on SMAS thickness and aimed to …

It is crucial for a facelift surgeon to have a comprehensive understanding of ageing-related
changes on the volume, elasticity, and relative position of various facial tissues and layers …

A deep comprehension of key anatomical issues, along with the targeted application of
suitable therapies, is vital for attaining exceptional neck contours. Traditional surgical …