Enormous progress has been made in the last half-century in the management of diseases
closely integrated with excess body weight, such as hypertension, adult-onset diabetes and …

Background Over the past 20 years, insights from human and mouse genetics have
illuminated the central role of the brain leptin-melanocortin pathway in the control of …

The global rise in the prevalence of obesity and associated co-morbidities such as type 2
diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer represents a major public health concern. The …

The initial discovery that ob/ob mice become obese because of a recessive mutation of the
leptin gene has been crucial to discover the melanocortin pathway to control appetite. In the …

Obesity and its related health complications is a major problem worldwide. Hypothalamus
and their signalling molecules play a critical role in the intervening and coordination with …

Background Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) deficiency is the commonest monogenic form
of obesity. However, the clinical spectrum and mode of inheritance have not been defined …

Abstract The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) was cloned in 1993 by degenerate PCR;
however, its function was unknown. Subsequent studies suggest that the MC4R might be …

Obesity is a global epidemic that causes morbidity and impaired quality of life. The
melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) is at the crux of appetite, energy homeostasis, and body …

A large body of preclinical and clinical data shows that the central melanocortin system is a
promising therapeutic target for treating various metabolic disorders such as obesity and …

Erection is basically a spinal reflex that can be initiated by recruitment of penile afferents,
both autonomic and somatic, and supraspinal influences from visual, olfactory, and …