Long ties, disruptive life events, and economic prosperity

E Jahani, SP Fraiberger, M Bailey… - Proceedings of the …, 2023 - National Acad Sciences
Social networks shape and reflect economic life. Prior studies have identified long ties,
which connect people who lack mutual contacts, as a correlate of individuals' success within …

Estimating the incapacitation effect among first-time incarcerated offenders

E Al Weswasi - European Journal of Criminology, 2024 - journals.sagepub.com
Objectives: To estimate how many offenses are averted through the incapacitation of first-
time incarcerated offenders with sentences of two years or less. Methods: The counterfactual …

As generative models improve, people adapt their prompts

E Jahani, BS Manning, J Zhang, HY TuYe… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2024 - arxiv.org
In an online experiment with N= 1893 participants, we collected and analyzed over 18,000
prompts and over 300,000 images to explore how the importance of prompting will change …

Investigating the causal effects of affiliation diversity on the disruption of papers in Artificial Intelligence

X Tang, X Li, M Yi - Information Processing & Management, 2024 - Elsevier
Growing multiple-affiliation collaboration in Artificial Intelligence (AI) can help solve complex
integrated problems, but will it trigger the disruption in AI? Scholars have discussed the …

Bridging preference‐based instrumental variable studies and cluster‐randomized encouragement experiments: Study design, noncompliance, and average cluster …

B Zhang, S Heng, EJ MacKay, T Ye - Biometrics, 2022 - Wiley Online Library
Instrumental variable (IV) methods are widely used in medical research to draw causal
conclusions when the treatment and outcome are confounded by unmeasured confounding …

Triplet matching for estimating causal effects with three treatment arms: a comparative study of mortality by trauma center level

G Nattino, B Lu, J Shi, S Lemeshow… - Journal of the American …, 2021 - Taylor & Francis
Comparing outcomes across different levels of trauma centers is vital in evaluating
regionalized trauma care. With observational data, it is critical to adjust for patient …

Epidemiology and Outcomes of Antibiotic De-escalation in Patients With Suspected Sepsis in US Hospitals

KQ Kam, T Chen, SS Kadri, A Lawandi… - Clinical Infectious …, 2024 - academic.oup.com
Background Little is known about the frequency, hospital-level variation, predictors, and
outcomes of antibiotic de-escalation in suspected sepsis. Methods We retrospectively …

Minimizing confounding in comparative observational studies with time-to-event outcomes: An extensive comparison of covariate balancing methods using Monte …

GAQIDGQ Cafri, S Fortin… - Statistical Methods in …, 2024 - journals.sagepub.com
<? show [AQ ID= GQ2 POS=-20pt]?><? show [AQ ID= GQ4]?><? show [AQ ID= GQ5 POS=
12pt]?> Observational studies are frequently used in clinical research to estimate the effects …

Contrast-specific propensity scores for causal inference with multiple interventions

S Han, J Goh, F Meng, MKS Leow… - Statistical Methods in …, 2024 - journals.sagepub.com
Existing methods that use propensity scores for heterogeneous treatment effect estimation
on non-experimental data do not readily extend to the case of more than two treatment …

[PDF][PDF] Examination Reform: Impact of linear and modular examinations at GCSE

JA Baird, D Caro, V Elliott, Y El Masri, J Ingram… - British Educational …, 2019 - core.ac.uk
The authors are grateful to Simon Eason (AQA) for providing valuable and continuing
guidance for understanding the data characteristics. Additionally, the teachers who …