Climate projections suggest–with substantial certainty–that global warming> 1.5° C will
occur by mid-century (2050). Population is also projected to increase, amplifying the …

BACKGROUND Marine ecosystems are composed of a diverse array of life forms, the
majority of which are unicellular—archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. The power of these …

Oceanic and coastal waters are acidifying due to processes dominated in the open ocean by
increasing atmospheric CO₂ and dominated in estuaries and some coastal waters by …

Measures to reduce eutrophication have often led to a more effective decline of phosphorus
(P) than nitrogen (N) concentrations. The resultant changes in riverine nutrient loads can …

Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) are essential fatty acids for
the growth, development and survival of virtually all organisms. There is increasing evidence …

Understanding how copepods may respond to ocean acidification (OA) is critical for risk
assessments of ocean ecology and biogeochemistry. The perception that copepods are …

Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations are causing ocean acidification (OA), altering
carbonate chemistry with consequences for marine organisms. Here we show that OA …

Herbivores are generally faced with a plethora of resources which differ in quality. Therefore,
they should be able to select foods which most closely match their metabolic needs. Here …

Concerns about increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations and global warming have
initiated studies on the consequences of multiple-stressor interactions on marine organisms …

Human activity causes ocean acidification (OA) though the dissolution of anthropogenically
generated CO2 into seawater, and eutrophication through the addition of inorganic nutrients …