CD4+ CD25highFoxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) can suppress other immune cells and,
thus, are critical mediators of peripheral self-tolerance. On the one hand, Tregs avert …

Cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration levels fluctuate in an ordered manner along the cell cycle, in
line with the fact that Ca 2+ is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation. Cell proliferation …

Abstract Interleukin-8 (IL-8, or CXCL8), which is a chemokine with a defining CXC amino
acid motif that was initially characterized for its leukocyte chemotactic activity, is now known …

All cells continually survey their environment and make decisions based on cues
encountered. This requires specific receptors that detect such cues, then transduce signals …

Activation of T cells is dependent on the organized and timely opening and closing of
chromatin. Herein, we identify AP-1 as the transcription factor that directs most of this …

Recent studies using glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)–deficient mouse embryonic
fibroblasts suggest that GSK-3β positively regulates nuclear factor κB (NFκB)–mediated …

Increased fat deposition in skeletal muscle is associated with insulin resistance. However,
exercise increases both intramyocellular fat stores and insulin sensitivity, a phenomenon …

Mutations in the gene encoding Bruton's tyrosine kinase (btk) cause the B cell deficiency
diseases X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) in humans and X-linked immunodeficiency …

Protein kinase C (PKC) θ is an established component of the immunological synapse and
has been implicated in the control of AP-1 and NF-κB. To study the physiological function of …

Germany and cell-surface receptors that are essential for a pro-‡ Department of Pathology
ductive immune response (Rao et al., 1997). Some of Harvard Medical School and the …