Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram positive, spore-forming bacterium that synthesizes
parasporal crystalline inclusions containing Cry and Cyt proteins, some of which are toxic …

Genetically engineered crops were first commercialized in 1994 and since then have been
rapidly adopted, enabling growers to more effectively manage pests and increase crop …

The identification and phylogenetic relationships of bacteria within the Bacillus cereus group
are controversial. This study aimed at determining the taxonomic affiliations of these strains …

Parasporal crystals produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacteria are the main virulence
factors underlying Bt toxicity to insects. Parasporal crystals are composed primarily of Cry …

The Bacillus cereus group comprises numerous closely related species, including
bioterrorism agent B. anthracis, foodborne pathogen B. cereus, and biopesticide B …

The plant parasitic nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi, is a serious pest causing severe
damage to various crop plants and vegetables. The Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains …

Bt proteins are crystal proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in the early stage of
spore formation that exhibit highly specific insecticidal activities. The application of Bt …

Today, the production and use of various samples of recombinant protein/polypeptide toxins
is known and is actively developing. This review presents state-of-the-art in research and …

The toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have shown great potential in the control of harmful
insects affecting human health and agriculture, used as the main biological agent for the …

Bacterial plasmids can vary from small selfish genetic elements to large autonomous
replicons that constitute a significant proportion of total cellular DNA. By conferring novel …