In the 1970s, treatment with thyroid extract was superseded by levothyroxine, a synthetic l
form of tetraiodothyronine. Since then, no major innovation has emerged for the treatment of …

Importance Subclinical hypothyroidism, defined as an elevated serum thyrotropin (often
referred to as thyroid-stimulating hormone, or TSH) level with normal levels of free thyroxine …

Importance The benefit of thyroid hormone therapy for subclinical hypothyroidism is
uncertain. New evidence from recent large randomized clinical trials warrants an update of …

Mendelian randomization, a method to infer causal relationships, is confounded by genetic
correlations reflecting shared etiology. We developed a model in which a latent causal …

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) should be considered in two categories according to the
elevation in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level: mildly increased TSH levels (4.0 …

Key Clinical Points Subclinical Hypothyroidism Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as an
elevated thyrotropin level with a normal free thyroxine (T4) level. To confirm the diagnosis, a …

Background: Hypothyroidism has multiple etiologies and manifestations. Appropriate
treatment requires an accurate diagnosis and is influenced by coexisting medical conditions …

Personal data for 108 individuals were collected during a 9-month period, including whole
genome sequences; clinical tests, metabolomes, proteomes, and microbiomes at three time …

Plasma lipoprotein (a)[L p (a)] is a quantitative genetic trait with a very broad and skewed
distribution, which is largely controlled by genetic variants at the LPA locus on chromosome …

ContextPatients with serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels outside the reference
range and levels of free thyroxine (FT4) and triiodothyronine (T3) within the reference range …