When the 2014 police shooting of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, set off riots, we
knew very little about the true number of people killed by American law enforcement. But …

Concerns surrounding the use of force by police officers appear to be growing, fuelled by
perceptions that the police use force too frequently, research showing that force is applied …

There has been a substantial body of research examining the reasons behind the police
officers' use of deadly force. Little research has been done to examine how race and …

The power to use force is a defining characteristic of policing, one that is accompanied by a
responsibility to exercise these powers in the circumstances deemed necessary. This study …

We analyzed police shootings in Canada (except Québec) between 2017 and 2019.
Drawing upon media reports and information provided by police oversight agencies, we …

Using multi-level modelling, this article analyses data from 16 police agencies in England
and Wales where one officer, carrying TASER, used force on one member of the public (N …

This study examines racial and ethnic disparities in the use of force by the Fairfax County,
VA Police Department using post-Ferguson data and after the adoption of modern training …

Objectives We reconstruct the networks of officers co-involved in force incidents to test
whether interactions with weapon-prone peers impact firearm use. Methods We draw from a …

Demands for police reforms to address racial injustice and excessive force have increased
since the release of a video showing George Floyd dying as a result of police brutality. A …

The tragic killing of George Floyd at the hands of the police resulted in hundreds of
thousands of protestors marching in the streets demanding change. The call for change …