Biological growth represents one of the main threats for the conservation of subterranean
cultural heritage. Knowledge of the conditions which favour the various taxonomic groups is …

The genus Crossiella contains two species, C. equi, causing nocardioform placentitis in
horses, and C. cryophila, an environmental bacterium. Apart from C. equi, which is not …

Moonmilk is a karstic speleothem mainly composed of fine calcium carbonate crystals
(CaCO3) with different textures ranging from pasty to hard, in which the contribution of biotic …

Karst caves are widely distributed subsurface systems, and the microbiomes therein are
proposed to be the driving force for cave evolution and biogeochemical cycling. In past …

Earth's microbial biosphere extends down through the crust and much of the subsurface,
including those microbial ecosystems located within cave systems. Here, we elucidate the …

The tropics experienced a unique monsoon climate that drove important changes in socio-
economic conditions and shaped different phases of human history during the late …

A white deposit covering the walls in the Stanza degli Scudi of the Tomba degli Scudi,
Tarquinia, Italy, has been investigated. In this chamber, which is still preserved from any kind …

Microorganisms are important for the formation and biogeochemistry of caves. Some caves
are energy-rich systems with abundant organic or inorganic chemical energy inputs that …

The microbial diversity in the Indian caves is inadequately characterized. This study reports
on the culturable microbial communities in caves from the Indian sub-continent. This study …

Cave walls are affected by different kinds of alterations involving preservative issues in the
case of ornate caves, in particular regarding the rock art covering the walls. In this context …