The World Health Organization reduced the recommended level of annual mean PM2. 5
concentrations to 5 μg/m3 in 2021. Previously, the guideline was geared toward ambient air …

Background: Air pollution is a major environmental risk factor for cardiorespiratory disease.
Exposures to household air pollution from cooking and other activities, are particularly high …

Traditional cooking with solid fuels (biomass, animal dung, charcoals, coal) creates
household air pollution that leads to millions of premature deaths and disability worldwide …

Background: Nationwide household transitions to the use of clean-burning cooking fuels are
a promising pathway to reducing under-5 lower respiratory infection (LRI) mortality, the …

We propose a hierarchical Bayesian (HB) model for multi-group analysis with group–
specific, flexible regression functions. The lower–level (within group) and upper–level …

Purpose The Cook Stove Pregnancy Cohort Study (CSPCS) was designed to assess the
effects of biomass fuel use on household air pollution (HAP) as well as the effects of HAP …

Here, we present a visual representation of standard procedures to collect populationlevel
data on personal exposures to household air pollution (HAP) from two different study sites in …

Estimating long-term exposure to household air pollution is essential for quantifying health
effects of chronic exposure and the benefits of intervention strategies. However, typically …

This chapter is an overview of exposure concepts related to indoor air pollutants and serves
as an introduction to the other chapters in this section. Other sections of this handbook …

Background Malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among
children, in sub-Saharan Africa. Globally, there were an estimated 229 million malaria cases …